Understanding roofing measurements is important when planning a new roof installation. One of the most commonly used terms in the industry is the “square.”
But what is a square in roofing? A roofing square is a unit of measurement used to calculate the amount of material needed for a roof. It helps contractors, suppliers, and homeowners estimate costs and order the right amount of shingles.
Learning what is a square in roofing terms can make roofing projects easier and prevent material shortages or waste. This guide covers everything you need to know about this measurement, including how to calculate it and why it matters for your home.
How Big Is a Roofing Square?
A roofing square covers 100 square feet of roof surface. This standardized measurement helps simplify calculations and material estimates. Instead of measuring individual square feet, roofers use squares to make ordering shingles and other materials easier.
For example, if a roof is 2,000 square feet, it is 20 roofing squares. This system prevents confusion when determining how much material is required. Since roofing projects include shingles, underlayment, and flashing, using squares keeps everything consistent. Contractors rely on this measurement to estimate job costs, making it a key part of the roofing industry.
Why Do Roofers Use Squares Instead of Square Feet?
Squares simplify roofing calculations. Instead of dealing with hundreds or thousands of square feet, using squares keeps estimates manageable. This is especially helpful for ordering shingles, which are typically sold by the bundle.
Each type of shingle has a different coverage rate. Most asphalt shingles require three bundles to cover one square. However, heavier shingles or designer options may need more. By working with squares, roofers can quickly determine how many bundles are needed without complicated math.
Using squares also makes labor estimates easier. Roofing companies price jobs based on the number of squares, not individual square feet. This allows for more accurate quotes and streamlined material ordering.
How to Calculate Roofing Squares
To find the number of roofing squares needed for a project, follow these steps:
- Measure the length and width of each section of the roof
- Multiply the length by the width to get the area in square feet
- Add up the square footage of all roof sections
- Get the number of squares by dividing the whole square footage by 100
For example, a roof with dimensions of 40 feet by 25 feet has an area of 1,000 square feet. Since one square equals 100 square feet, this section of the roof is 10 squares.
Roofs with multiple slopes, valleys, and dormers require more detailed measurements, but the basic principle remains the same.
How Many Shingles Are in a Roofing Square?
Most standard asphalt shingles require three bundles per square. However, the exact number depends on the type of shingle used.
3-tab shingles typically need three bundles per square, while architectural shingles may require more than three bundles per square due to their thickness. Wood and slate shingles vary based on the size and material.
Shingles are packaged in bundles for easier handling and transport. By knowing the number of squares needed, contractors can determine how many bundles to order.
Does Roof Pitch Affect Square Calculation?
The slope of a roof affects the total surface area, which changes the number of squares required. A steeper roof has more surface area than a flat one, even if the home’s footprint is the same.
To account for this, roofers use a pitch multiplier. This factor adjusts the flat measurement to reflect the extra material needed for a sloped roof. Common multipliers include:
- Low slope (4:12 or less) – Multiplier: 1.06 to 1.12
- Medium slope (5:12 to 8:12) – Multiplier: 1.12 to 1.25
- Steep slope (9:12 and above) – Multiplier: 1.25 to 1.5
For example, a 1,500-square-foot home with a medium slope might require 1,500 x 1.12 = 1,680 square feet of roofing material. That equals 16.8 squares.
Why Waste Factor Matters in Roofing Squares
Not all roofing materials are used efficiently. Some shingles must be cut to fit along valleys, hips, and ridges, leading to waste. Roofers account for this by adding extra squares to their estimates.
The amount of waste depends on roof complexity. Simple roofs, like gable designs, typically result in about 5% waste. Roofs with moderate complexity, such as hip roofs or dormers, may produce 10% waste, while complex roofs with multi-levels, steep pitches, or valleys could generate 15% or more waste.
For a 30-square roof with a complex design, an extra 4-5 squares might be needed to compensate for waste.
How Much Does a Roofing Square Cost?
The cost of a roofing square varies based on material, location, and labor rates. In general, homeowners can expect the following price ranges:
- Asphalt shingles typically cost between $100 – $400 per square.
- Metal roofing ranges from $300 – $1,200 per square.
- Wood shingles are priced between $350 – $600 per square.
- Slate roofing costs between $800 – $1,500 per square.
These prices include materials but not labor. Roofing labor costs typically range from $150 to $350 per square, depending on complexity.
What Is a Roofing Square Vs. a Square Foot?
While similar, these terms have key differences. A square foot measures the exact area of a roof section, while a roofing square represents 100 square feet of roof coverage.
Using squares allows roofers to estimate projects more efficiently. Since materials like shingles and underlayment are sold based on squares, this measurement simplifies ordering and pricing.
How Roofing Squares Help with Project Planning
Knowing how many squares a roof has helps with budgeting and material selection. Homeowners and contractors can compare material costs based on the number of squares needed, avoid buying too little or too much roofing material, and get more accurate quotes from roofing professionals.
For homeowners, understanding what a roofing square is helps in discussions with contractors and prevents overpaying for materials and labor.
Expert Roofing Contractor in Maine
At Monastery Roofing, we are your trusted asphalt roofing contractor in Maine. We take a detailed approach to every project, ensuring accurate measurements and high-quality craftsmanship.
Our team specializes in roof repair and installation in Maine, offering long-lasting roofing solutions tailored to your home. If you’re planning a roofing project and want expert advice, do not hesitate to contact us today.
